THERE ARE MAINLY FOUR TYPES O F P
SOURCEhttp://images.google.co.in/images?hl=en&q=pollution&um=1&ie=UTF-8&ei=lREJSrTKBJWMkAWt9OyfCw&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&resnum=5&ct=title
CHANCE 2 EARN HUGE AMOUNTS
manojkumar">
Monday, May 11, 2009
TYPES OF POLLUTION
SOURCEhttp://images.google.co.in/images?hl=en&q=pollution&um=1&ie=UTF-8&ei=lREJSrTKBJWMkAWt9OyfCw&sa=X&oi=image_result_group&resnum=5&ct=title
WHAT IS AIR POLLUTION?
Air pollutionFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damages the natural environment, into the atmosphere.
The atmosphere is a complex, dynamic natural gaseous system that is essential to support life on planet Earth. Stratospheric ozone depletion due to air pollution has long been recognized as a threat to human health as well as to the Earth's ecosystems
SOURCESOF AIR POLLUTION
SOURCEhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_pollutionAIR POLLUTION
What you can do to reduce air pollution?
- Encourage your family to walk to the neighbourhood market.
- Whenever possible take your bicycle.
- As far as possible use public forms of transport.
- Don’t let your father drop you to school, take the school bus.
- Encge your family to form a car pool to office and back.
- Reduce the use of aerosols in the household.
- Look after the trees in your neighbourhood
SOURCEhttp://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/air/ucando.htm
WATER POLLUTION
When toxic substances enter lakes, streams, rivers, oceans, and other water bodies, they get dissolved or lie suspended in water or get deposited on the bed. This results in the pollution of water whereby the quality of the water deteriorates, affecting aquatic ecosystems. Pollutants can also seep down and affect the groundwater deposits.
Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the rivers. The facilities to treat waste water are not adequate in any city in India. Presently, only about 10% of the waste water generated is treated; the rest is discharged as it is into our water bodies. Due to this, pollutants enterBiochemical oxygen demand, or BOD
The amount of organic material that can rot in the sewage is measured by the biochemical oxygen demand. BOD is the amount of oxygen required by micro-organisms to decompose the organic substances in sewage. Therefore, the more organic material there is in the sewage, the higher the BOD. It is among the most important parameters for the design and operation of sewage treatment plants. BOD levels of industrial sewage may be many times that of domestic sewage. Dissolved oxygen is an important factor that determines the quality of water in lakes and rivers. The higher the concentration of dissolved oxygen, the better the water quality. When sewage enters a lake or stream, micro-organisms begin to decompose the organic materials. Oxygen is consumed as micro-organisms use it in their metabolism. This can quickly deplete the available oxygen in the water. When the dissolved oxygen levels drop too low, many aquatic species perish. In fact, if the oxygen level drops to zero, the water will become septic. When organic compounds decompose without oxygen, it gives rise to the undesirable odours usually associated with septic or putrid conditions. groundwater, rivers, and other water bodies. Such water, which ultimately ends up in our households, is often highly contaminated and carries disease-causing microbes. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides.
Water pollution has many sources. The most polluting of them are the city sewage and industrial waste discharged into the rivers. The facilities to treat waste water are not adequate in any city in India. Presently, only about 10% of the waste water generated is treated; the rest is discharged as it is into our water bodies. Due to this, pollutants enterBiochemical oxygen demand, or BOD
The amount of organic material that can rot in the sewage is measured by the biochemical oxygen demand. BOD is the amount of oxygen required by micro-organisms to decompose the organic substances in sewage. Therefore, the more organic material there is in the sewage, the higher the BOD. It is among the most important parameters for the design and operation of sewage treatment plants. BOD levels of industrial sewage may be many times that of domestic sewage. Dissolved oxygen is an important factor that determines the quality of water in lakes and rivers. The higher the concentration of dissolved oxygen, the better the water quality. When sewage enters a lake or stream, micro-organisms begin to decompose the organic materials. Oxygen is consumed as micro-organisms use it in their metabolism. This can quickly deplete the available oxygen in the water. When the dissolved oxygen levels drop too low, many aquatic species perish. In fact, if the oxygen level drops to zero, the water will become septic. When organic compounds decompose without oxygen, it gives rise to the undesirable odours usually associated with septic or putrid conditions. groundwater, rivers, and other water bodies. Such water, which ultimately ends up in our households, is often highly contaminated and carries disease-causing microbes. Agricultural run-off, or the water from the fields that drains into rivers, is another major water pollutant as it contains fertilizers and pesticides.
SOURCEhttp://www.google.co.in/search?hl=en&q=pollution&revid=1514079890&ei=SgQJSrLlD8-JkQWT4LGrCw&sa=X&oi=revisions_inline&resnum=1&ct=broad-revision&cd=6
global warming
Global warming is the increase in the average temperature of the Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the mid-twentieth century and its projected continuation. Global surface temperature increased 0.74 ± 0.18 °C (1.33 ± 0.32 °F) during the last century.[1][A] The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concludes that anthropogenic greenhouse gases are responsible for most of the observed temperature increase since the middle of the twentieth century,[1] and that natural phenomena such as solar variation and volcanoes probably had a small warming effect from pre-industrial times to 1950 and a small cooling effect afterward.[2][3] These basic conclusions have been endorsed by more than 40 scientific societies and academies of science,[B] including all of the national academies of science of the major industrialized countries
sourcehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming
waste management!!!!!!!
Waste management initiatives at CEE started in 1989 when it, along with other organisations, participated in a forum called the Committee for Clean Bangalore. It prepared a concept paper for cleaning and greening Bangalore city. It was envisaged that each of the organizations which had helped prepare the concept paper, would take up a certain number of issues and work out practical demonstrations that could serve as models for the whole city. Subsequently, CEE took up the issues of solid waste management, conservation of green spaces and promotion of civic responsibility as part of its mandate.
Solid Waste ManagementBio Medical Waste Management (BMWM)
The management of healthcare waste is a subject of considerable concern to public health administrators, infection-control specialists as well as to the general public. This is the waste that is generated during the process of patient care.
Over the last few years, proper management of biomedical waste has emerged as a major focus of CEE's activities. Initiatives include, on the one hand, awareness raising, orientation and training programmes, and, on the other, establishment of a common facility for biomedical waste treatment and disposal.
Some Major Programmes
Common Healthcare waste Appropriate Management Plant (CHAMP)
Healthcare Establishment Waste Management and Education Programme
Healthcare Establishment Waste Management and Education Programme - Palakkad
Hazardous & Biomedical Waste Management & Municipal Solid Waste Management
Educational Material and Training Manuals
Biomedical Waste Management Workshops
PLANET 3 Workshop
CEE has evolved a bottom-up approach to SWM, starting from the sources of generation – households – recognizing that a sizeable part of municipal solid waste (40-70 per cent, varying according to affluence and consumption levels in different localities) is organic and can be composted. By segregating domestic waste at source into degradable and non-degradable, CEE could considerably improve SWM through partnerships between citizens and the Urban Local Bodies
Solid Waste ManagementBio Medical Waste Management (BMWM)
The management of healthcare waste is a subject of considerable concern to public health administrators, infection-control specialists as well as to the general public. This is the waste that is generated during the process of patient care.
Over the last few years, proper management of biomedical waste has emerged as a major focus of CEE's activities. Initiatives include, on the one hand, awareness raising, orientation and training programmes, and, on the other, establishment of a common facility for biomedical waste treatment and disposal.
Some Major Programmes
Common Healthcare waste Appropriate Management Plant (CHAMP)
Healthcare Establishment Waste Management and Education Programme
Healthcare Establishment Waste Management and Education Programme - Palakkad
Hazardous & Biomedical Waste Management & Municipal Solid Waste Management
Educational Material and Training Manuals
Biomedical Waste Management Workshops
PLANET 3 Workshop
CEE has evolved a bottom-up approach to SWM, starting from the sources of generation – households – recognizing that a sizeable part of municipal solid waste (40-70 per cent, varying according to affluence and consumption levels in different localities) is organic and can be composted. By segregating domestic waste at source into degradable and non-degradable, CEE could considerably improve SWM through partnerships between citizens and the Urban Local Bodies
sourcehttp://www.ceeindia.org/cee/waste.html
how tosave our environment?
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May 12, 2009
100 Ways to Save The Environment
Download a Printer-Friendly PDF of 100 Ways to Save The Environment
In Your Home – Conserve Energy
Clean or replace air filters on your air conditioning unit at least once a month.
If you have central air conditioning, do not close vents in unused rooms.
Lower the thermostat on your water heater to 120.
Wrap your water heater in an insulated blanket.
Turn down or shut off your water heater when you will be away for extended periods.
Turn off unneeded lights even when leaving a room for a short time.
Set your refrigerator temperature at 36 to 38 and your freezer at 0 to 5 .
When using an oven, minimize door opening while it is in use; it reduces oven temperature by 25 to 30 every time you open the door.
Clean the lint filter in your dryer after every load so that it uses less energy.
Unplug seldom used appliances.
Use a microwave when- ever you can instead of a conventional oven or stove.
Wash clothes with warm or cold water instead of hot.
Reverse your indoor ceiling fans for summer and winter operations as recommended.
Turn off lights, computers and other appliances when not in use.
Purchase appliances and office equipment with the Energy Star Label; old refridgerators, for example, use up to 50 more electricity than newer models.
Only use electric appliances when you need them.
Use compact fluorescent light bulbs to save money and energy.
Keep your thermostat at 68 in winter and 78 in summer.
Keep your thermostat higher in summer and lower in winter when you are away
Insulate your home as best as you can.
Install weather stripping around all doors and windows.
Shut off electrical equipment in the evening when you leave work.
Plant trees to shade your home.
Shade outside air conditioning units by trees or other means.
Replace old windows with energy efficient ones.
Use cold water instead of warm or hot water when possible.
Connect your outdoor lights to a timer.
Buy green electricity - electricity produced by low - or even zero-pollution facilities (NC Greenpower for North Carolina - www.ncgreenpower.org). In your home-reduce toxicity.
In Your Home – Reduce Toxicity
Eliminate mercury from your home by purchasing items without mercury, and dispose of items containing mercury at an appropriate drop-off facility when necessary (e.g. old thermometers).
Learn about alternatives to household cleaning items that do not use hazardous chemicals.
Buy the right amount of paint for the job.
Review labels of household cleaners you use. Consider alternatives like baking soda, scouring pads, water or a little more elbow grease.
When no good alternatives exist to a toxic item, find the least amount required for an effective, sanitary result.
If you have an older home, have paint in your home tested for lead. If you have lead-based paint, cover it with wall paper or other material instead of sanding it or burning it off.
Use traps instead of rat and mouse poisons and insect killers.
Have your home tested for radon.
Use cedar chips or aromatic herbs instead of mothballs. In Your Yard
Avoid using leaf blowers and other dust-producing equipment.
Use an electric lawn- mower instead of a gas-powered one.
Leave grass clippings on the yard-they decompose and return nutrients to the soil.
Use recycled wood chips as mulch to keep weeds down, retain moisture and prevent erosion.
Use only the required amount of fertilizer.
Minimize pesticide use.
Create a wildlife habitat in your yard.
Water grass early in the morning.
Rent or borrow items like ladders, chain saws, party decorations and others that are seldom used.
Take actions that use non hazardous components (e.g., to ward off pests, plant marigolds in a garden instead of using pesticide).
Put leaves in a compost heap instead of burning them or throwing them away. Yard debris too large for your compost bin should be taken to a yard-debris recycler.
In Your Office
Copy and print on both sides of paper.
Reuse items like envelopes, folders and paper clips.
Use mailer sheets for interoffice mail instead of an envelope.Use mailer sheets for interoffice mail instead of an envelope.
Set up a bulletin board for memos instead of sending a copy to each employee.
Use e-mail instead of paper correspondence.
Use recycled paper.
Use discarded paper for scrap paper.
Encourage your school and/or company to print documents with soy-based inks, which are less toxic.
Use a ceramic coffee mug instead of a disposable cup. Ways To Protect Our Air
Ask your employer to consider flexible work schedules or telecommuting.
Recycle printer cartridges.
Shut off electrical equipment in the evening when you leave work.
Report smoking vehicles to your local air agency.
Don't use your wood stove or fireplace when air quality is poor.
Avoid slow-burning, smoldering fires. They produce the largest amount of pollution.
Burn seasoned wood - it burns cleaner than green wood.
Use solar power for home and water heating.
Use low-VOC or water-based paints, stains, finishes and paint strippers.
Purchase radial tires and keep them properly inflated for your vehicle.
Paint with brushes or rollers instead of using spray paints to minimize harmful emissions.
Ignite charcoal barbecues with an electric probe or other alternative to lighter fluid.
If you use a wood stove, use one sold after 1990. They are required to meet federal emissions standards and are more efficient and cleaner burning.
Walk or ride your bike instead of driving, whenever possible.
Join a carpool or vanpool to get to work.
Ways to Use Less Water
Check and fix any water leaks.
Install water-saving devices on your faucets and toilets.
Don't wash dishes with the water running continuously.
Wash and dry only full loads of laundry and dishes.
Follow your community's water use restrictions or guidelines.
Install a low-flow shower head.
Replace old toilets with new ones that use a lot less water.
Turn off washing machine's water supply to prevent leaks. Ways to Protect Our Water
Revegetate or mulch disturbed soil as soon as possible.
Never dump anything down a storm drain.
Have your septic tank pumped and system inspected regularly.
Check your car for oil or other leaks, and recycle motor oil.
Take your car to a car wash instead of washing it in the driveway.
Learn about your watershed. Create Less Trash
Buy items in bulk from loose bins when possible to reduce the packaging wasted.
Avoid products with several layers of packaging when only one is sufficient. About 33 of what we throw away is packaging.
Buy products that you can reuse.
Maintain and repair durable products instead of buying new ones.
Check reports for products that are easily repaired and have low breakdown rates.
Reuse items like bags and containers when possible.
Use cloth napkins instead of paper ones.
Use reusable plates and utensils instead of disposable ones.
Use reusable containers to store food instead of aluminum foil and cling wrap.
Shop with a canvas bag instead of using paper and plastic bags.
Buy rechargeable batteries for devices used frequently.
Reuse packaging cartons and shipping materials. Old newspapers make great packaging material.
Compost your vegetable scraps.
Buy used furniture - there is a surplus of it, and it is much cheaper than new furniture.
(SEQL) Sustainable Environment for Quality of LifeCentralina Council of GovernmentsPO Box 35008Charlotte, NC 28235Phone: 704-348-2730 Fax: 704-347-4710
About SEQL
Action Items
My Role
SEQL Interactive
Calendar
Contact Us
Home Page
Who We Are
SEQL Background
Our Region
Partners
Publications
SEQL Newsroom
Pocket Guide
Newsletter
Links
News Articles
SEQL Press Kit
Commentary
Overview
Air Quality
Water Resources
Sustainable Growth
Intersecting Interests
Implemented Action Plans
Air Awareness Program
Carpool/Vanpool
Clean Air Policy
Clean Cities Program
Enhanced Ozone Awareness
Flexible Work Schedules
Local Gov't Energy Plan
Open Burning Limits
RPOs/MPOs
Smoking Vehicle Enforcement
Tax-Free Commuter Benefits
Tree Planting Standards
Natural Buffer Zones
Sedimentation and Erosion Control
Wastewater Treatment Plans
Wastewater Treatment Programs
Watershed Impact Models
Water Supply Plans
Annexation Agreements
Connectivity for Multi-Model Transit
Efficent Parking Strategies
Greenways and Open Space
Multi-Jurisdictional Land Use Regulations
Pedestrian Friendly Streetscapes
What's In It For Me?
100 Ways to Save the Environment
Get Involved
10 Things Kids Can Do
School Bus Issues
Ozone Season
Adopt-A-School Bus
PTA Program/Videos
Idling Policies
Parents Card
Log-In
SEQL-NET
Tools & Calculators
SEQL Games
Schools
Businesses
Families/Individuals
Message Board
Online SEQL Challenges
Events/Meetings
Add an Event
Contact Us
Message Board
+
sourcehttp://www.seql.org/100ways.cfm
e!! http://javascript.internet.com -->
" + lmonth + " ");
document.write(date + ", " + year + "");
// End -->
May 12, 2009
100 Ways to Save The Environment
Download a Printer-Friendly PDF of 100 Ways to Save The Environment
In Your Home – Conserve Energy
Clean or replace air filters on your air conditioning unit at least once a month.
If you have central air conditioning, do not close vents in unused rooms.
Lower the thermostat on your water heater to 120.
Wrap your water heater in an insulated blanket.
Turn down or shut off your water heater when you will be away for extended periods.
Turn off unneeded lights even when leaving a room for a short time.
Set your refrigerator temperature at 36 to 38 and your freezer at 0 to 5 .
When using an oven, minimize door opening while it is in use; it reduces oven temperature by 25 to 30 every time you open the door.
Clean the lint filter in your dryer after every load so that it uses less energy.
Unplug seldom used appliances.
Use a microwave when- ever you can instead of a conventional oven or stove.
Wash clothes with warm or cold water instead of hot.
Reverse your indoor ceiling fans for summer and winter operations as recommended.
Turn off lights, computers and other appliances when not in use.
Purchase appliances and office equipment with the Energy Star Label; old refridgerators, for example, use up to 50 more electricity than newer models.
Only use electric appliances when you need them.
Use compact fluorescent light bulbs to save money and energy.
Keep your thermostat at 68 in winter and 78 in summer.
Keep your thermostat higher in summer and lower in winter when you are away
Insulate your home as best as you can.
Install weather stripping around all doors and windows.
Shut off electrical equipment in the evening when you leave work.
Plant trees to shade your home.
Shade outside air conditioning units by trees or other means.
Replace old windows with energy efficient ones.
Use cold water instead of warm or hot water when possible.
Connect your outdoor lights to a timer.
Buy green electricity - electricity produced by low - or even zero-pollution facilities (NC Greenpower for North Carolina - www.ncgreenpower.org). In your home-reduce toxicity.
In Your Home – Reduce Toxicity
Eliminate mercury from your home by purchasing items without mercury, and dispose of items containing mercury at an appropriate drop-off facility when necessary (e.g. old thermometers).
Learn about alternatives to household cleaning items that do not use hazardous chemicals.
Buy the right amount of paint for the job.
Review labels of household cleaners you use. Consider alternatives like baking soda, scouring pads, water or a little more elbow grease.
When no good alternatives exist to a toxic item, find the least amount required for an effective, sanitary result.
If you have an older home, have paint in your home tested for lead. If you have lead-based paint, cover it with wall paper or other material instead of sanding it or burning it off.
Use traps instead of rat and mouse poisons and insect killers.
Have your home tested for radon.
Use cedar chips or aromatic herbs instead of mothballs. In Your Yard
Avoid using leaf blowers and other dust-producing equipment.
Use an electric lawn- mower instead of a gas-powered one.
Leave grass clippings on the yard-they decompose and return nutrients to the soil.
Use recycled wood chips as mulch to keep weeds down, retain moisture and prevent erosion.
Use only the required amount of fertilizer.
Minimize pesticide use.
Create a wildlife habitat in your yard.
Water grass early in the morning.
Rent or borrow items like ladders, chain saws, party decorations and others that are seldom used.
Take actions that use non hazardous components (e.g., to ward off pests, plant marigolds in a garden instead of using pesticide).
Put leaves in a compost heap instead of burning them or throwing them away. Yard debris too large for your compost bin should be taken to a yard-debris recycler.
In Your Office
Copy and print on both sides of paper.
Reuse items like envelopes, folders and paper clips.
Use mailer sheets for interoffice mail instead of an envelope.Use mailer sheets for interoffice mail instead of an envelope.
Set up a bulletin board for memos instead of sending a copy to each employee.
Use e-mail instead of paper correspondence.
Use recycled paper.
Use discarded paper for scrap paper.
Encourage your school and/or company to print documents with soy-based inks, which are less toxic.
Use a ceramic coffee mug instead of a disposable cup. Ways To Protect Our Air
Ask your employer to consider flexible work schedules or telecommuting.
Recycle printer cartridges.
Shut off electrical equipment in the evening when you leave work.
Report smoking vehicles to your local air agency.
Don't use your wood stove or fireplace when air quality is poor.
Avoid slow-burning, smoldering fires. They produce the largest amount of pollution.
Burn seasoned wood - it burns cleaner than green wood.
Use solar power for home and water heating.
Use low-VOC or water-based paints, stains, finishes and paint strippers.
Purchase radial tires and keep them properly inflated for your vehicle.
Paint with brushes or rollers instead of using spray paints to minimize harmful emissions.
Ignite charcoal barbecues with an electric probe or other alternative to lighter fluid.
If you use a wood stove, use one sold after 1990. They are required to meet federal emissions standards and are more efficient and cleaner burning.
Walk or ride your bike instead of driving, whenever possible.
Join a carpool or vanpool to get to work.
Ways to Use Less Water
Check and fix any water leaks.
Install water-saving devices on your faucets and toilets.
Don't wash dishes with the water running continuously.
Wash and dry only full loads of laundry and dishes.
Follow your community's water use restrictions or guidelines.
Install a low-flow shower head.
Replace old toilets with new ones that use a lot less water.
Turn off washing machine's water supply to prevent leaks. Ways to Protect Our Water
Revegetate or mulch disturbed soil as soon as possible.
Never dump anything down a storm drain.
Have your septic tank pumped and system inspected regularly.
Check your car for oil or other leaks, and recycle motor oil.
Take your car to a car wash instead of washing it in the driveway.
Learn about your watershed. Create Less Trash
Buy items in bulk from loose bins when possible to reduce the packaging wasted.
Avoid products with several layers of packaging when only one is sufficient. About 33 of what we throw away is packaging.
Buy products that you can reuse.
Maintain and repair durable products instead of buying new ones.
Check reports for products that are easily repaired and have low breakdown rates.
Reuse items like bags and containers when possible.
Use cloth napkins instead of paper ones.
Use reusable plates and utensils instead of disposable ones.
Use reusable containers to store food instead of aluminum foil and cling wrap.
Shop with a canvas bag instead of using paper and plastic bags.
Buy rechargeable batteries for devices used frequently.
Reuse packaging cartons and shipping materials. Old newspapers make great packaging material.
Compost your vegetable scraps.
Buy used furniture - there is a surplus of it, and it is much cheaper than new furniture.
(SEQL) Sustainable Environment for Quality of LifeCentralina Council of GovernmentsPO Box 35008Charlotte, NC 28235Phone: 704-348-2730 Fax: 704-347-4710
About SEQL
Action Items
My Role
SEQL Interactive
Calendar
Contact Us
Home Page
Who We Are
SEQL Background
Our Region
Partners
Publications
SEQL Newsroom
Pocket Guide
Newsletter
Links
News Articles
SEQL Press Kit
Commentary
Overview
Air Quality
Water Resources
Sustainable Growth
Intersecting Interests
Implemented Action Plans
Air Awareness Program
Carpool/Vanpool
Clean Air Policy
Clean Cities Program
Enhanced Ozone Awareness
Flexible Work Schedules
Local Gov't Energy Plan
Open Burning Limits
RPOs/MPOs
Smoking Vehicle Enforcement
Tax-Free Commuter Benefits
Tree Planting Standards
Natural Buffer Zones
Sedimentation and Erosion Control
Wastewater Treatment Plans
Wastewater Treatment Programs
Watershed Impact Models
Water Supply Plans
Annexation Agreements
Connectivity for Multi-Model Transit
Efficent Parking Strategies
Greenways and Open Space
Multi-Jurisdictional Land Use Regulations
Pedestrian Friendly Streetscapes
What's In It For Me?
100 Ways to Save the Environment
Get Involved
10 Things Kids Can Do
School Bus Issues
Ozone Season
Adopt-A-School Bus
PTA Program/Videos
Idling Policies
Parents Card
Log-In
SEQL-NET
Tools & Calculators
SEQL Games
Schools
Businesses
Families/Individuals
Message Board
Online SEQL Challenges
Events/Meetings
Add an Event
Contact Us
Message Board
+
sourcehttp://www.seql.org/100ways.cfm
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